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Ulmus parvifolia 'Hokkaido' is a refined dwarf cultivar prized for its delicate, diminutive foliage and naturally compact growth habit. This small-leaf Chinese elm develops an elegant branching structure ideal for bonsai cultivation and container gardening. Its fine texture and responsive pruning characteristics make it a rewarding choice for artists seeking refined proportions. Best suited to bright, indirect light and consistent moisture, this cultivar rewards attentive care with vigorous, healthy growth and the potential to develop impressive aged character over time.

 

Plant Details

Botanical Name
Ulmus parvifolia 'Hokkaido'
Hardiness Zones
5-9 (Canadian zones 5a-9b)
Mature Height
3-6 ft. tall (unpruned); 1-3 ft. as bonsai
Mature Width
3-5 ft. wide (unpruned); 1-2 ft. as bonsai
Sun Needs
Full sun to partial shade (4-6+ hours direct sun)
Water Needs
Moderate - water when top inch of soil dries out
Growth Rate
Moderate (6-12 inches per year)
Defining Characteristic
Exceptionally small leaves and compact dwarf form ideal for bonsai
Miniature Foliage

Miniature Foliage

Exceptionally small, finely serrated leaves create an incredibly delicate texture. Leaves are significantly smaller than standard Chinese Elm, making this cultivar perfect for bonsai and small-scale landscapes.
Exfoliating Bark

Exfoliating Bark

Develops beautiful multicolored rough bark, displaying patches of gray, green, and orange-brown. The exfoliating bark provides exceptional winter interest and becomes more dramatic as the tree matures.
Bonsai Excellence

Bonsai Excellence

Naturally compact growth habit with excellent ramification and small internodes. Responds beautifully to pruning and wiring, making it one of the finest choices for bonsai cultivation at all skill levels.

Sun Needs

Full sun to partial shade (4-6+ hours direct sun)

Soil

Well-drained, slightly acidic to neutral soil (pH 5.5-7.5). Tolerates a wide range of soil types. For bonsai, use well-draining bonsai mix with akadama, pumice, and lava rock.

Temperature

Hardy in zones 5-9. Tolerates heat and cold well. In mild climates (zones 8-9), may retain leaves through winter. Protect from harsh winter winds in colder zones.

Water and Mulching

Water regularly during growing season, allowing soil to dry slightly between waterings. Reduce watering in winter. For container plants, ensure excellent drainage. Apply 2-3 inches of organic mulch around base if planted in ground. Mist foliage occasionally in dry conditions.
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